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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

805
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

826
Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
826
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

753
Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
753
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

790
Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
790
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

952
Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
952

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Creation of Patient-Specific Silicone Cardiac Models with Applications in Pre-surgical Plans and Hands-on Training
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Modeling inherited cardiac disorders.

Karim Sallam1, Kazuki Kodo, Joseph C Wu

  • 1Stanford Cardiovascular Institute.

Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society
|March 18, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) enable in vitro modeling of cardiac disorders. These iPSC-CMs successfully recapitulate genetic cardiac conditions, advancing disease understanding and treatment strategies.

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Generation of Human Cardiomyocytes: A Differentiation Protocol from Feeder-free Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Studying human cardiac cells in vitro has been a major limitation in understanding and treating cardiac disorders.
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a solution by enabling the generation of patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the progress and potential of using iPSC-CMs as a model for various cardiac conditions.
  • To analyze how iPSC-CMs can advance the study of cardiac disorder biology and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing patient-specific iPSCs to generate iPSC-CMs.
  • Modeling hereditary cardiac conditions including arrhythmic disorders, cardiomyopathies, and other genetic syndromes.
  • Examining the recapitulation of cardiac channel function, electrophysiologic features, and phenotypic characteristics.

Main Results:

  • iPSC-CMs have successfully modeled long QT syndrome (types 1, 2, 3, and 8) and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT).
  • Models of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) demonstrated strong correlations in morphologic, contractile, and electrical phenotypes.
  • iPSC-CMs have also shown promise in modeling arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C), LEOPARD syndrome, Pompe's disease, and Friedriech's ataxia.

Conclusions:

  • iPSC-CMs provide a powerful and versatile platform for in vitro modeling of diverse cardiac diseases.
  • This technology holds significant potential for accelerating the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies for inherited cardiac conditions.