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Pulmonary Hypertension in Preterm Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Christopher D Baker1, Steven H Abman1, Peter M Mourani2

  • 1Section of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colarado. ; Pediatric Heart Lung Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colarado.

Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology
|March 27, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) can cause pulmonary hypertension (PH) in premature infants. This review covers PH pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management in BPD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease in premature infants, significantly contributes to perinatal morbidity and mortality.
  • Premature birth disrupts lung development, leading to impaired gas exchange and pulmonary vascular remodeling, potentially causing pulmonary hypertension (PH).
  • Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) and PH are common in BPD, even in milder cases, necessitating a better understanding of their pathophysiology.

Approach:

  • This article reviews the pathophysiology of PH in preterm infants with BPD.
  • It summarizes current clinical recommendations for diagnosing and managing PH in this vulnerable population.
  • The review targets neonatologists, primary care providers, pediatric cardiologists, and pulmonologists.

Key Points:

  • PH definition and diagnostic methods in BPD infants require further clarification.
  • Understanding the cascade of events from premature birth to PH is crucial.
  • Effective management strategies for PH in BPD are essential for improving outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and treatment of PH in BPD are critical for reducing perinatal morbidity and mortality.
  • Further research is needed to refine PH definitions and management guidelines.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing PH in preterm infants with BPD.

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