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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 1, 2026

Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol
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Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol

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Cochlea size variability and implications in clinical practice.

P Pelliccia1, F Venail2, A Bonafé3

  • 1ENT Department, CHU, Montpellier, France; ; Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy;

Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Otorinolaringologia E Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale
|April 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cochlea size is fully developed at birth and unaffected by deafness degree. Electrode length calculations aid surgeons in achieving optimal cochlear implant insertion angles for hearing preservation.

Keywords:
AgeBasal turn lumen diameterCochlea sizeCochlear implantDegree of deafnessHeight of cochleaInsertion depth angleLength of cochleaResidual hearing preservationVolume of cochlea

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Cochlear size and its relationship with age and hearing loss severity are not fully understood.
  • Accurate electrode length is crucial for optimal cochlear implant insertion and hearing preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cochlea size variability across different age groups and degrees of deafness.
  • To calculate the ideal cochlear implant electrode length for achieving a 270° insertion angle.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans of 482 ears from 241 patients were analyzed.
  • Patients were categorized by age and hearing loss severity (severe/profound, moderate, none).
  • Cochlear dimensions (length, height, basal turn lumen diameter, volume) were measured; statistical analysis was performed.

Main Results:

  • The cochlea reaches adult size at birth.
  • Degree of deafness impacts cochlear height and basal turn lumen diameter, but not overall length or volume.
  • A formula was developed to calculate electrode length (LIC) for a 270° insertion angle.

Conclusions:

  • Cochlear development is complete by birth, independent of hearing loss.
  • Proposed electrode length landmarks (16.6, 18.0, 19.3 mm) assist surgeons in optimizing cochlear implant placement for residual hearing preservation.