Morphofunctional analysis of human platelets by vital staining

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Biotechnology
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Platelet function is crucial for hemostasis and thrombosis.
• Assessing platelet quality and activity is vital for clinical diagnostics and blood component quality control.
• Existing methods may compromise platelet viability or functional integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a differential staining method for human platelets.
• To preserve platelet functional activity during staining.
• To enable morphofunctional analysis for clinical applications.

Main Methods:

• Utilized vital fluorochrome stains: trypaflavin (green cytoplasmic fluorescence) and acridine orange (red-orange granular fluorescence).
• Employed fluorescence microscopy for differential staining and morphofunctional analysis.
• Analyzed platelets from donor blood, concentrated platelets, hematological patients, and patients with thromboembolic complications.

Main Results:

• The staining method successfully differentiated platelet cytoplasm and granules.
• Identified distinct populations of platelets with varying morphofunctional activities in donors.
• Demonstrated significantly reduced platelet parameters in patients with hemorrhagic syndrome.
• Showed significantly elevated platelet parameters in patients with thromboembolic complications compared to donors.

Conclusions:

• The trypaflavin and acridine orange staining method is effective for evaluating human platelet quality.
• This technique provides valuable insights into platelet morphofunctional status in various clinical conditions.
• The method can be applied to assess donor blood components and patient samples.