Cytotoxicity of soft denture lining materials depending on their component types

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Materials
• Toxicology

Background:

• Soft denture lining materials (SDLM) improve denture comfort and function.
• Assessing the cytotoxicity of these materials is crucial for patient safety.
• Component type may influence the biocompatibility of SDLMs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the cytotoxicity of silicone-based and acrylic-based soft denture lining materials.
• To determine if material composition affects cellular response.

Main Methods:

• Ten commercial soft denture lining materials (5 silicone, 5 acrylic) were tested.
• Cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT and agar overlay assays according to ISO 7405.
• Cell viability was assessed using L-929 cells.

Main Results:

• Silicone-based materials generally showed high cell viability and were ranked non-cytotoxic.
• Acrylic-based materials exhibited variable cell viability, with some ranked as mildly or moderately cytotoxic.
• All tested materials met the ISO 10993-5 requirement of >70% cell viability.

Conclusions:

• Acrylic-based soft denture lining materials warrant careful consideration due to potential cytotoxic effects.
• Material selection should prioritize biocompatibility to minimize adverse cellular responses.