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Polarizing intestinal epithelial cells electrically through Ror2.

Lin Cao1, Colin D McCaig2, Roderick H Scott2

  • 1School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK Department of Dermatology, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.

Journal of Cell Science
|June 15, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physiological electric fields guide intestinal cell polarity. This study reveals electric fields coordinate enterocyte apical membrane formation via Ror2-ERK-LKB1 signaling, essential for tissue-level organization.

Keywords:
Cell polarizationElectric fieldIntestinal epithelial cellsRor2Transepithelial potential difference

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Epithelial Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Enterocyte apicobasal polarity dictates apical membrane formation, but its luminal orientation is unclear.
  • Electrical signals across epithelia may guide enterocyte polarization and orientation.
  • The transepithelial potential difference generates an endogenous electric field crucial for tissue function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of physiological electric fields in orienting and polarizing enterocytes.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which electric fields influence apical membrane formation.
  • To determine if the endogenous electric field acts as a coordinating signal for enterocyte differentiation.

Main Methods:

  • Applied physiological electric fields to intestinal epithelial cells.
  • Assessed ezrin phosphorylation, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, and ALPI expression.
  • Measured activation of ERK1/2 and LKB1 (STK11) signaling pathways.
  • Utilized Ror2 disruption to examine its role in electric field-mediated signaling.

Main Results:

  • Applied electric fields polarized ezrin phosphorylation and actin remodeling to the cathode side.
  • Electric fields increased intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALPI) expression.
  • Electric fields activated ERK1/2 and LKB1 (STK11), key for apical membrane formation.
  • Ror2 disruption inhibited ERK1/2 and LKB1 activation and apical membrane formation.

Conclusions:

  • Endogenous electric fields may coordinate apical membrane formation in enterocytes at a tissue level.
  • Ror2-ERK signaling pathway mediates electric field-induced LKB1 activation.
  • This signaling cascade is essential for proper apical membrane development in intestinal epithelium.