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    This study presents a new formula for measuring tissue reflectance using planar illumination, validated with phantom experiments. The findings aid in accurate photographic measurements for preclinical and clinical applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Optics
    • Photonic Measurements
    • Tissue Optics

    Background:

    • Digital cameras are increasingly used for photographic measurements of tissue conditions in preclinical and clinical settings.
    • Accurate reflectance measurements are crucial for understanding tissue optical properties.
    • Planar illumination offers a novel approach for such measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a formula for modeling total diffuse reflectance from semi-infinite media under continuous plane wave epi-illumination.
    • To assess the applicability of the model using tissue-mimicking phantoms.
    • To discuss adjustments for blood absorption spectra and potential applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Mathematical modeling of diffuse reflectance from a semi-infinite medium with an exponentially decaying source.
    • Experimental validation using tissue-mimicking phantoms.
    • Analysis of reflectance measurements under planar illumination.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed formula accurately models total diffuse reflectance.
    • Experimental validation confirmed the model's efficacy with phantom measurements.
    • The study highlights the importance of accounting for pigment packaging in blood absorption spectra.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed formula provides a robust method for analyzing reflectance measurements from tissues using planar illumination.
    • This research supports the use of digital photography for quantitative tissue assessment.
    • The findings have potential applications in various biomedical imaging and diagnostic fields.