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How shape from contours affects shape from shading.

Dejan Todorović1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, University of Belgrade, Serbia.

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|August 19, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Contour shapes significantly influence perceived 3D relief in shaded figures. This study found that simple shape-from-contours rules can predict perceived shapes, though a convexity bias also exists.

Keywords:
Luminance gradientsPerceived illuminationPerceived reliefShape from contoursShape from shading

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Computational vision
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Reflected light provides ambiguous 3D shape information.
  • The role of contour shape in perceived 3D relief is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of contour shape on perceived 3D relief.
  • To determine if perceived shapes can be predicted from contour shapes.

Main Methods:

  • 102 subjects matched 12 contoured grating displays with 3D line drawings.
  • Subjects also judged depth extent and illumination direction.
  • Mathematical analysis of 1D luminance distribution in contoured gratings.

Main Results:

  • Contour shapes strongly and saliently affected perceived relief.
  • Dominant matching drawings varied significantly across displays (26%-95%).
  • Perceived shapes related to analytical solutions and could be predicted by a shape-from-contours rule, with a convexity bias present.

Conclusions:

  • Contour shape is a critical factor in 3D relief perception from shading.
  • A simple shape-from-contours rule, alongside a convexity tendency, can predict perceived shapes.
  • Mathematical models can be simplified for 1D luminance distributions, aiding shape recovery.