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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents01:18

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Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
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Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

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Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
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Cholera01:25

Cholera

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Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of contaminated water or food.Vibrio cholerae is a motile, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Vibrionaceae, primarily associated with waterborne outbreaks in areas with inadequate sanitation. Although over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae exist, only O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic cholera. The O1 serogroup,...
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Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents01:17

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Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
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[Acute diarrhea].

Konstantin Burgmann1, Alain Schoepfer1

  • 1Service de Gastro-entérologie et d'Hépatologie, CHUV, Lausanne.

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique
|August 27, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diarrhea, characterized by frequent loose stools, is common. This review guides physicians in distinguishing self-limiting cases from severe conditions requiring immediate medical intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Practice

Context:

  • Diarrhea is a prevalent condition affecting both outpatient and inpatient settings.
  • Acute diarrhea often follows a self-limiting course, posing a diagnostic challenge.
  • Differentiating between mild and severe cases is crucial for appropriate patient management.

Purpose:

  • To offer practical guidance for clinicians managing patients with diarrhea.
  • To aid in identifying patients who require more than symptomatic therapy.
  • To prevent complications by facilitating timely and accurate diagnosis.

Summary:

  • Diarrhea is defined as three or more loose or watery stools daily.
  • The primary clinical challenge lies in differentiating self-limiting diarrhea from severe cases with potential complications.
  • This review provides a decision-making framework for physicians.

Impact:

  • Improved patient outcomes through appropriate and timely treatment selection.
  • Reduced healthcare burden by optimizing the use of symptomatic therapy.
  • Enhanced clinical decision-making in the management of acute diarrhea.