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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
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Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection
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Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

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[Merkel cell carcinoma].

F Kleffner1, J Schürholz, S Burckhardt

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Hauttumorzentrum im CIO Köln Bonn, Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland.

Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, Und Verwandte Gebiete
|September 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare skin cancer, requires prompt staging for effective treatment. Early detection and intervention significantly improve survival rates for this aggressive neuroendocrine tumor.

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Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Context:

  • Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer.
  • MCC has a high propensity for early lymph node metastasis and local recurrence.
  • Prognosis is strongly linked to tumor size and disease stage at diagnosis.

Purpose:

  • To outline the critical role of staging in Merkel cell carcinoma management.
  • To emphasize the importance of sentinel lymph node biopsy for risk assessment.
  • To detail recommended adjuvant therapies for reducing recurrence and spread.

Summary:

  • Tumor size and stage significantly impact MCC prognosis, with survival rates decreasing notably with lymph node or distant metastases.
  • Extensive staging, including sentinel lymph node biopsy, is crucial for assessing metastasis risk and guiding therapy.
  • Adjuvant radiation therapy post-surgery is recommended to minimize local recurrence and lymphatic spread.

Impact:

  • Improved patient stratification based on comprehensive staging.
  • Optimized therapeutic strategies, including surgery and adjuvant radiation.
  • Enhanced understanding of prognostic factors for Merkel cell carcinoma.