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Related Concept Videos

Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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RNA Interference01:23

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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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Multifunctional RNA nanoparticles.

Kirill A Afonin1, Mathias Viard, Alexey Y Koyfman

  • 1Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States.

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|October 1, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel RNA nanorings offer versatile platforms for biomedical applications. These nanoscaffolds can simultaneously carry multiple therapeutic and diagnostic molecules for advanced cellular targeting and conditional activation.

Keywords:
RNA interferenceRNA nanoparticlesRNA nanotechnologyRNA−DNA hybrid reassociationaptamers

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Recent advancements introduced RNA nanorings as novel nanoscaffolds.
  • The full potential of nanorings for biomedical applications remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reveal the biomedical application potential of RNA nanorings.
  • To demonstrate the versatility of nanorings for simultaneous molecular embedment.

Main Methods:

  • Functionalization of nanorings with multiple short interfering RNAs for combinatorial RNA interference.
  • Simultaneous embedment of RNA aptamers, fluorescent dyes, proteins, and RNA-DNA hybrids within nanorings.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated combinatorial RNA interference against multiple HIV-1 genes.
  • Showcased the capacity for simultaneous delivery of diverse functional molecules.
  • Enabled conditional activation of multiple split functionalities within cells using RNA-DNA hybrids.

Conclusions:

  • RNA nanorings represent a highly versatile platform for advanced biomedical applications.
  • The ability to co-deliver multiple molecular payloads opens new avenues for targeted therapies and diagnostics.
  • Nanorings facilitate sophisticated cellular manipulation through conditional activation strategies.