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Making Conjugation-induced Fluorescent PEGylated Virus-like Particles by Dibromomaleimide-disulfide Chemistry
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Weighing polyelectrolytes packaged in viruslike particles.

Guillaume Tresset1, Mouna Tatou1, Clémence Le Cœur1

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, 91400 Orsay, France.

Physical Review Letters
|October 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Capsid proteins exhibit surprising selectivity, packaging synthetic polyelectrolytes into virus-like particles. The mass ratio of packaged polyelectrolytes to capsid remained constant across a wide range of molecular weights.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Virus-like particles (VLPs) are self-assembled protein shells with potential applications in drug delivery and nanotechnology.
  • Understanding the principles governing the selective packaging of molecules within VLPs is crucial for their rational design.
  • Capsid proteins naturally package viral genomes with high specificity, a process not fully understood at the molecular level.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the selectivity of capsid proteins for packaging synthetic polyelectrolytes.
  • To determine the mass ratio of packaged polyelectrolytes to capsid proteins.
  • To explore the influence of polyelectrolyte molecular weight on VLP packaging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with contrast variation.
  • Accurately measured the mean mass of packaged polyelectrolytes (⟨Mp⟩) and capsid (⟨Mcap⟩).
  • Analyzed polyelectrolytes with molecular weights spanning over two orders of magnitude.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated remarkable invariance of the mass ratio ⟨Mp⟩/⟨Mcap⟩ across a broad range of polyelectrolyte molecular weights.
  • Observed that capsids either co-packaged multiple polyelectrolyte chains or selectively retained shorter chains.
  • Results align qualitatively with theoretical predictions based on free energy minimization.

Conclusions:

  • Capsid proteins display a robust selectivity mechanism for synthetic polyelectrolytes, independent of molecular weight over several orders of magnitude.
  • Protein self-energy plays a significant role in the packaging process.
  • Findings offer insights into the non-specific mechanisms underlying viral genome selectivity.