Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 20, 2026
Real-Time fMRI Brain Mapping in Animals
Published on: September 24, 2020
Special considerations/technical limitations of blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging
Domenico Zacà1, Shruti Agarwal2, Sachin K Gujar2
1Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Via delle Regole 101, Mattarello (TN) 38121, Italy; Division of Neuroradiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Abstract:
In this review, limitations affecting the results of presurgical mapping with blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are discussed. There is a great need to standardize fMRI acquisition and analysis methods and establish guidelines to address quality control issues. Several national and international organizations are formulating guidelines and standards for both clinical and research applications of BOLD fMRI. Consensus regarding management of these issues will likely both improve the clinical standard of care and enhance future research applications of fMRI.
