[Vena cava agenesia presented as incarcerated groin hernia]

The case describes a 45-year-old man with a rare finding of vena cava agenesia presented as incarcerated groin hernia. From childhood the patient had developed dilatation of subcutaneous veins with establishment of aneurismal dilatation in the lower right side of the abdomen and groin. The patient was submitted with severe abdominal pain in the lower right side. The case describes the difficulties of an initially incorrect radiological diagnosis of incarcerated groin hernia and the discrepancy of the clinical findings. The case stresses the importance of a thorough evaluation of each patient.