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Regional Variations in Orbicularis Oculi Histology.

Bryan R Costin1, Thomas P Plesec, Laura J Kopplin

  • 1*Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio and †Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; ‡Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; §Department of Anatomy, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; ‖Lorain Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Lorain, Ohio.

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
|March 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

The orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) has varied histologic compositions across its pretarsal, preseptal, and orbital regions. This study quantifies skeletal muscle, fibrous, adipose, and neurovascular tissues in these OOM segments.

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Histology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • The orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) is crucial for eyelid function.
  • Understanding its distinct histologic composition is important for surgical and clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the histologic makeup of the pretarsal, preseptal, and orbital portions of the orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM).
  • To quantify the relative percentages of skeletal muscle, fibrous tissue, adipose tissue, and neurovascular tissue in each OOM segment.

Main Methods:

  • Samples of the OOM were obtained from fresh-frozen human cadavers.
  • Histologic sections were prepared and stained (hematoxylin and eosin).
  • Anatomical pathologists quantified the proportions of four main tissue types.

Main Results:

  • The pretarsal OOM was predominantly skeletal muscle (83.5%).
  • The preseptal OOM showed a mix of skeletal muscle (46.5%) and fibrous tissue (31.5%).
  • The orbital OOM contained significant amounts of adipose tissue (32.7%) and skeletal muscle (42.7%).

Conclusions:

  • The orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) is histologically heterogeneous.
  • Significant variations in tissue composition exist between the pretarsal, preseptal, and orbital OOM segments.