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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...

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A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in pigs: quantitative pathologic features in 55 cases.

S K Liu¹, Y T Chiu, J J Shyu

¹Pig Research Institute, Taiwan, Republic of China, The Animal Medical Center, New York, and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.

Cardiovascular Pathology : the Official Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Pathology

|May 21, 2015

Summary

Naturally occurring hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in pigs shows significant heart enlargement and thickening of heart walls. This porcine model offers valuable insights for cardiovascular research, mirroring human and other animal conditions.

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Pathology
Veterinary Cardiology
Comparative Pathology

Background:

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a primary heart muscle disease affecting various species.
Understanding spontaneous animal models is crucial for elucidating human cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize naturally occurring hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in pigs.
To evaluate the pig as a potential animal model for cardiovascular research.

Main Methods:

Histopathological examination of hearts from 55 pigs diagnosed with HCM.
Comparative analysis of heart weight, ventricular septum thickness, and left ventricular free wall thickness against control groups (46 purebred and 64 hybrid pigs).
Assessment of collagen content and connective tissue abnormalities using silver impregnation stains.

Main Results:

Pigs with HCM exhibited significantly heavier hearts (p < 0.001) and increased heart weight/body weight ratios compared to controls.
Significant thickening of the ventricular septum (VS) and left ventricular free wall (LV) was observed in HCM pigs.
Histology revealed muscle cell disorganization, abnormal coronary arteries, myocardial fibrosis, and increased collagen content (47-52% higher) in HCM hearts.

Conclusions:

Spontaneous porcine hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) presents with gross and histological features strikingly similar to human, feline, and canine HCM.
The pig serves as a novel and significant animal model for cardiovascular investigators studying HCM.
Abnormalities in connective tissue and matrix organization are key features of porcine HCM.