Placenta accreta spectrum: accreta, increta, and percreta

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

• Placenta accreta is linked to severe hemorrhage, hysterectomy, and mortality.
• Its incidence is rising, associated with increased cesarean delivery rates.
• Key risk factors include placenta previa and prior cesarean sections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the definition, risk factors, diagnosis, and management of placenta accreta.
• To discuss current controversies in managing this obstetric complication.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of placenta accreta.
• Analysis of diagnostic and management strategies.

Main Results:

• Obstetric ultrasonography is crucial for antenatal diagnosis.
• Planned delivery at specialized centers improves outcomes.
• Management involves ongoing controversies regarding timing, surgical approach, and conservative therapies.

Conclusions:

• Placenta accreta requires multidisciplinary management.
• Antenatal diagnosis and planned delivery are essential.
• Further research is needed to resolve management controversies.