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Experimental Satellite Quantum Communications.

Giuseppe Vallone1, Davide Bacco1, Daniele Dequal1

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This study demonstrates space-to-ground quantum communication using satellite retroreflectors. The results show low quantum bit error ratios suitable for quantum key distribution and pave the way for a global quantum network.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Communication

Background:

  • Quantum communication (QC) is essential for quantum information science.
  • Faithful transmission of quantum states is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate space-to-ground quantum communication using satellite retroreflectors.
  • To assess the feasibility of quantum key distribution (QKD) via satellite.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized satellite corner cube retroreflectors as quantum transmitters.
  • Employed the Matera Laser Ranging Observatory as a quantum receiver.
  • Demonstrated QC with polarization encoding from space to ground.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a low quantum bit error ratio (QBER) of 4.6% over 85 seconds.
  • QBER levels are suitable for quantum information protocols like QKD.
  • Estimated mean photon number per pulse from satellites was approximately one.

Conclusions:

  • The demonstrated scheme is suitable for satellite quantum key distribution (QKD).
  • The approach paves the way for a worldwide quantum communication network using existing receivers.