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Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion DNA Polymerases

Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
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Multi-locus Variable-number Tandem-repeat Analysis of the Fish-pathogenic Bacterium Yersinia ruckeri by Multiplex PCR and Capillary Electrophoresis

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Y-Short Tandem Repeat Multiplex Systems - Y-PLEX™ 6 and Y-PLEX™ 5.

¹ReliaGene Technologies, Inc., New Orleans, LA, USA.

Forensic Science Review

|August 11, 2015

Summary

Y-Chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) genotyping systems, Y-PLEX™ 6 and Y-PLEX™ 5, offer sensitive and reliable male DNA profiling for forensic casework and lineage studies. These validated systems analyze key Y-STR loci, aiding human identification and population databases.

Keywords:

DNA typing DYS19 DYS385 DYS389I DYS389II DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393 DYS438 DYS439 Y-Plex Y-STR Y-chromosome human identification multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)short tandem repeats (STRs)

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Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Candidate Gene Testing in Clinical Cohort Studies with Multiplexed Genotyping and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 21, 2018

Area of Science:

Forensic genetics
Molecular biology
Human identification

Background:

Y-Chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are crucial for forensic casework, paternity testing, and male lineage research.
Obtaining male DNA profiles from mixed samples is a significant challenge in forensics.
Existing Y-STR genotyping systems require optimization for comprehensive analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and validate the Y-PLEX™ 6 and Y-PLEX™ 5 genotyping systems for human identification.
To assess the sensitivity, specificity, and reliability of these Y-STR multiplex systems.
To evaluate their utility in forensic casework and male lineage studies.

Main Methods:

Simultaneous amplification of specific Y-STR loci using Y-PLEX™ 6 (DYS393, DYS19, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS385) and Y-PLEX™ 5 (DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS439, DYS438, DYS392).
Validation following FBI Director's Quality Assurance Standards, including sensitivity, specificity, and stutter analysis.
Generation and sequencing of allelic ladders according to ISFG nomenclature.
Testing on human and nonhuman primate DNA samples.

Main Results:

Y-PLEX™ 6 and Y-PLEX™ 5 systems together cover 11 SWGDAM-recommended Y-STR loci.
Minimum sensitivity was 0.2 ng (Y-PLEX™ 6) and 0.1 ng (Y-PLEX™ 5) of male DNA.
Primers demonstrated specificity for human DNA and some higher primates, with mean stutter values ranging from 3.6% to 11.9%.
The systems were successfully applied in forensic cases, with results admitted in U.S. Courts.

Conclusions:

Y-PLEX™ 6 and Y-PLEX™ 5 are sensitive, reliable, and robust genotyping systems.
These systems are highly suitable for forensic casework, paternity testing, and male lineage identification.
Their comprehensive locus coverage and validated performance support their use in population database studies.