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Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
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Optimizing X-ray mirror thermal performance using matched profile cooling.

Lin Zhang1, Daniele Cocco1, Nicholas Kelez1

  • 1LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|August 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New cooling techniques for X-ray mirrors significantly reduce thermal deformation. Optimized side cooling and active electric heaters minimize mirror errors, improving performance for advanced light sources like LCLS-II.

Keywords:
FEL beamKB mirroradjustable electric heaterfinite-element modellingthermal deformationvariable cooling lengthwater cooling

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Thermal Engineering

Background:

  • X-ray mirrors often exceed beam footprint length for broad energy coverage.
  • Thermal deformation of water-cooled X-ray mirrors is a critical issue.
  • Existing cooling methods may be insufficient for high-heat-load applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate novel techniques for reducing thermal deformation in X-ray mirrors.
  • To minimize residual height and slope errors in mirrors used in synchrotron radiation beamlines.
  • To enhance the performance of Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors at LCLS-II.

Main Methods:

  • Finite-element analysis to optimize side-cooling length.
  • Implementation of a novel technique using side cooling blocks and adjustable electric heaters.
  • Optimization of electric heater parameters (length, power density) to minimize height errors.

Main Results:

  • Side cooling reduced thermal deformation by up to 30x compared to full-length cooling for LCLS-II KB mirrors.
  • The electric heater technique minimized residual height error to 0.02 nm RMS, a 45x reduction.
  • Residual height error for LCLS-II KB mirrors was reduced ~11x below requirements.

Conclusions:

  • Proposed side cooling and electric heater techniques effectively mitigate thermal deformation and slope errors in X-ray mirrors.
  • These methods are crucial for high-heat-load environments, such as free-electron laser beamlines.
  • The techniques are applicable to both specialized mirrors (KB mirrors) and white beam mirrors in synchrotron facilities.