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Related Concept Videos

The ABO Blood Group01:12

The ABO Blood Group

6.7K
The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
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Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

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Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target...
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Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

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Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
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Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

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Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
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Rh Blood Group01:19

Rh Blood Group

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The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
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Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 5, 2026

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
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Kidd blood group system: a review.

Janis R Hamilton1

  • 1MS, MT(ASCP)SBB, American Red Cross-Southeastern Michigan Region, Manager, Immunohematology Reference Laboratory, PO Box 33351, 100 Mack Ave., Detroit, MI 48232-5351.

Immunohematology
|August 27, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Kidd blood group system, crucial in blood transfusion, involves the JK glycoprotein, a urea transporter. Genetic variations lead to diverse antigen expressions and null phenotypes across populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The Kidd blood group system is clinically significant in red blood cell (RBC) serology.
  • The JK glycoprotein, identified as the urea transporter UT-B, is encoded by SCL14A1.
  • Its role in RBC and kidney urea transport is well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical context of Kidd antigens and antibodies.
  • To catalog the genetic variations within the JK gene.
  • To highlight the expanding understanding of the Kidd blood group system.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical data on Kidd antigens and antibodies.
  • Analysis of genetic polymorphisms within the JK gene (SCL14A1).
  • Examination of reported null and variant phenotypes across diverse populations.

Main Results:

  • The JK system includes 23 alleles causing null expression and 7 causing weak/partial antigens.
  • Null phenotypes are found in African, Indian, Chinese, Polynesian, and Finnish populations.
  • The Jk(a)/Jk(b) polymorphism (c.838G>A) was identified in 1994.

Conclusions:

  • The Kidd blood group system exhibits significant genetic diversity.
  • Understanding JK gene variations is crucial for transfusion medicine and understanding null phenotypes.
  • Further research into JK variants can improve serological diagnostics and patient care.