Paper-Based Electrochemical Cell Coupled to Mass Spectrometry
Yao-Min Liu1, Richard H Perry2
1Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|August 28, 2015
Summary
Researchers developed paper-based electrochemistry coupled to mass spectrometry (P-EC/SSI-MS) for in situ analysis. This technique efficiently identifies reaction intermediates and products, offering a low-cost, versatile analytical tool.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Electrochemistry
- Mass Spectrometry
- Materials Science
Background:
- On-line coupling of electrochemistry (EC) to mass spectrometry (MS) is crucial for in situ analysis of EC reactions.
- EC transformations enhance ionization efficiency and analyte derivatization for improved MS sensitivity and specificity.
- Paper-based electroanalytical devices offer convenience, low cost, and simplicity, driving interest in their development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize paper-based electrochemical cells (P-EC) coupled to sonic spray ionization (SSI) mass spectrometry (P-EC/SSI-MS).
- To demonstrate the capability of P-EC/SSI-MS for online EC transformations and identification of reaction intermediates.
- To explore the potential of P-EC/SSI-MS as a versatile and sensitive analytical platform.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of tubular and planar paper-based electrochemical cells (P-EC) using paper sandwiched between mesh stainless steel electrodes.
- Integration of P-EC with sonic spray ionization (SSI) mass spectrometry, allowing independent control of electrical and chemical parameters.
- Application of P-EC/SSI-MS to characterize various EC reactions, including oxidations of cysteine, dopamine, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and diphenyl sulfide.
Main Results:
- P-EC/SSI-MS demonstrated increased ionization efficiency and online EC transformations.
- The technique successfully captured EC reaction intermediates with a response time in the hundreds of milliseconds.
- A deprotonated diphenyl sulfide intermediate was detected, confirming a proposed EC oxidation mechanism.
Conclusions:
- Paper-based EC/MS, utilizing both tubular and planar electrode configurations, offers a powerful approach for in situ reaction analysis.
- P-EC/SSI-MS provides a sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective platform for characterizing complex electrochemical processes.
- The developed technique expands the capabilities of paper-based analytical devices for advanced chemical analysis.
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