[LEIOMYOSARCOMA ARISING FROM OVARIAN VEIN WITH RIGHT HYDRONEPHROSIS: A CASE REPORT]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Urology
• Pathology

Background:

• Leiomyosarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma.
• Ovarian vein leiomyosarcoma is exceptionally rare, with few reported cases.
• This case highlights a unique presentation of ovarian vein leiomyosarcoma causing significant urinary tract obstruction.

Observation:

• A 37-year-old woman presented with recurrent pyelonephritis, found to have a retroperitoneal mass compressing the right ureter, leading to hydronephrosis.
• Initial surgery involved mass excision and ureteral anastomosis, with histopathology revealing ovarian vein leiomyosarcoma.
• Recurrence occurred 12 months post-surgery, involving adjacent tissues and inferior vena cava invasion, necessitating radical surgery.

Findings:

• The patient was diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma originating from the ovarian vein.
• Despite initial treatment, the tumor recurred locally and invaded the inferior vena cava.
• A second, more extensive surgery was performed, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.

Implications:

• This case underscores the aggressive nature of ovarian vein leiomyosarcoma and the challenges in its management.
• Prompt diagnosis and aggressive surgical and chemotherapeutic interventions are crucial for improving outcomes.
• Further research into rare vascular sarcomas is warranted to understand their behavior and optimize treatment strategies.