Programmable and adaptive mechanics with liquid crystal polymer networks and elastomers

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Polymer Chemistry
• Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

• Liquid crystals are foundational to modern display technology.
• The commoditization of displays drives research into new applications for liquid crystalline materials.
• Polymeric liquid crystals offer unique properties and stimuli-responsive behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the historical development of liquid crystalline polymers.
• To highlight macroscale mechanical responses (bending, twisting, buckling) induced by thermal and photogenerated stimuli.
• To discuss local-feature development and topographical control in liquid crystalline polymers.

Main Methods:

• Historical review of liquid crystalline polymer research.
• Analysis of thermally and photogenerated macroscale mechanical responses.
• Examination of local-feature development and topographical control.

Main Results:

• Liquid crystalline polymers exhibit fascinating and useful properties beyond traditional display applications.
• Macroscale mechanical responses like bending, twisting, and buckling are key features.
• Topographical control through local-feature development is a significant area of study.

Conclusions:

• Liquid crystalline polymers offer distinct advantages for stimuli-induced mechanical responses.
• Further research is needed to overcome existing challenges.
• Near-term application opportunities exist in various fields.