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Urinary Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer
Jeffrey J Tosoian1, Ashley E Ross1, Lori J Sokoll2
1The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
The Urologic Clinics of North America
|November 29, 2015
Summary
Urinary biomarkers offer a noninvasive approach to prostate cancer (PCa) detection and prognostication, addressing concerns with PSA screening. This review assesses current and emerging urine tests for PCa diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening leads to overdiagnosis and overtreatment of prostate cancer (PCa).
- Noninvasive diagnostic methods are needed for accurate PCa detection and prognostication.
- Urine is a promising source for prostate-specific biomarkers due to anatomical proximity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and emerging urinary biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) detection.
- To assess the utility of these biomarkers in PCa prognostication, including high-grade disease.
- To provide an evidence-based evaluation of clinically relevant findings in urinary biomarker research.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on urinary biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa).
- Assessment of evidence for detection and prognostication capabilities.
- Focus on clinically relevant findings and technological advancements.
Main Results:
- Significant advancements in understanding carcinogenesis pathways enhance biomarker potential.
- A substantial number of urinary biomarkers show promise for PCa detection.
- Emerging biomarkers demonstrate utility in prognostication, aiding clinical decision-making.
Conclusions:
- Urinary biomarkers represent a less invasive alternative to traditional methods for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis.
- Continued research and technological innovation are expanding the role of urine tests in PCa management.
- These biomarkers are crucial for improving the accuracy of PCa detection and risk stratification.
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