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Switch costs in the self-memory system.

Clare J Rathbone1, Chris J A Moulin2

  • 1a Department of Psychology , Oxford Brookes University , Oxford , UK.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|December 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The working self directs autobiographical memory retrieval. Switching self-image cues slowed memory generation, indicating the self

Keywords:
Autobiographical memoryEpisodic memoryIdentitySelfSelf-memory systemTask switching

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • The working self is theorized to guide cognitive processes.
  • Autobiographical memory retrieval is complex and influenced by self-related information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the working self as an executive structure in autobiographical memory generation.
  • To examine how self-related cues influence the speed and efficiency of memory retrieval.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments utilized a task-switching paradigm with undergraduate participants.
  • Participants alternated between different self-image cues or repeated the same cue during autobiographical memory fluency tasks.
  • A similar switching task involved retrieving personal semantic information (names, places) from distinct domains (home, university).

Main Results:

  • A significant switch cost was observed: participants were slower in generating autobiographical memories when alternating between self-image cues.
  • A comparable switch cost emerged when retrieving information from different personal domains, suggesting hierarchical organization.
  • These findings indicate executive control over autobiographical memory retrieval based on current self-goals.

Conclusions:

  • Autobiographical memories and personal semantics are organized hierarchically.
  • Executive functions, particularly task switching, can probe this organization.
  • The self acts as a dynamic mental structure influencing memory retrieval patterns through excitation and interference.