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Related Experiment Videos

Alien antigens return to the fold.

P Parham

    Immunology Today
    |June 1, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Tumor cells do not express "Alien Antigens." Rigorous evaluation reveals these are artifacts of genetic heterogeneity in experimental systems, not a biological phenomenon in tumor immunology.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Tumor Immunology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Theories on Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I polymorphism and alloreactive T lymphocytes prompted research into tumor cells expressing inappropriate MHC class I molecules, termed 'Alien Antigens'.
    • Numerous 'Alien Antigens' were reported over fifteen years, with some later identified as serological artifacts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the biological basis of reported 'Alien Antigens' in tumor immunology.
    • To determine if 'Alien Antigens' represent a significant biological phenomenon in tumor development or immune response.

    Main Methods:

    • Structural and genetic analysis of two extensively studied systems reporting 'Alien Antigens'.
    • Rigorous evaluation of experimental data and potential sources of artifacts.

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    Main Results:

    • In the two main systems studied, 'Alien Antigens' were identified as artifacts arising from genetic heterogeneity in either mouse models or cell lines.
    • No reported 'Alien Antigens' have withstood critical scientific scrutiny.

    Conclusions:

    • 'Alien Antigens' are artifacts, not a genuine biological phenomenon in tumor immunology.
    • The integrity of genetic material in experimental models (mice and cell lines) is crucial for reliable immunological research.
    • The findings suggest a need for increased vigilance regarding experimental artifacts in sophisticated immunological investigations.