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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 28, 2026

Insertion, Maintenance, and Removal of the Percutaneous Dual Lumen Cannula Right Ventricular Assist Device
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Multidrug-Resistant Organism Infections in Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices.

Elisabeth E Donahey, Derek M Polly, J David Vega

    Texas Heart Institute Journal
    |December 15, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Multidrug-resistant organism infections affect over 30% of patients with left ventricular assist devices. Risk factors include therapeutic goal, BMI, and driveline site exposure, leading to more hospital admissions.

    Keywords:
    Cross-infection/etiology/prevention & controldrug resistance, multiple/bacterialheart failure/therapyheart-assist devices/adverse effects/microbiologypostoperative complicationsprosthesis-related infections/diagnosis/microbiologyretrospective studiesrisk factorsventricular dysfunction, left/therapy

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Medical Devices

    Background:

    • Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) improve survival in end-stage heart failure.
    • Infections complicate up to 59% of LVAD implantations.
    • The incidence of multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections in LVAD patients is unknown.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the incidence of MDRO infections in LVAD patients.
    • To identify independent risk factors for MDRO infections.
    • To evaluate outcomes associated with MDRO infections in LVAD recipients.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective evaluation of 57 patients with permanent LVADs implanted between May 2007 and October 2011.
    • Infections categorized using International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation criteria.
    • Analysis of risk factors including therapeutic goal, body mass index, and driveline exit site characteristics.

    Main Results:

    • MDRO infections occurred in 18 of 57 patients (31.6%), a high incidence.
    • Independent risk factors identified: therapeutic goal (P=0.01), body mass index (P=0.04), and exposed velour at driveline exit sites (P=0.004).
    • No significant differences in mortality, transplantation, or explantation rates; however, a significant increase in postimplantation hospital admissions was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • MDRO infections are highly prevalent in LVAD patients.
    • Therapeutic goal, BMI, and driveline site characteristics are significant risk factors.
    • MDRO infections increase hospital admissions but do not significantly impact mortality, transplantation, or explantation rates.