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Chronic Cough as a Female Gender Issue
N Kavalcikova-Bogdanova1, T Buday1, J Plevkova2
1Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Comenius University, Mala Hora 4C, 036 01, Martin, Slovakia.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 10, 2016
Summary
Chronic cough in women may stem from hormonal influences on cough hypersensitivity syndrome. This review explores potential links between female hormones, TRP channels, laryngeal sensitivity, and mast cells in persistent cough.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
Background:
- Chronic cough significantly impacts quality of life, with many patients being middle-aged to postmenopausal females experiencing prolonged coughing without clear cause.
- Cough hypersensitivity syndrome is a proposed explanation for chronic cough, but diagnostic and treatment guidelines are lacking.
- Females experience chronic cough more frequently than males, suggesting a potential hormonal influence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential contribution of hormonal factors to excessive coughing in female subjects.
- To analyze the role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, laryngeal hypersensitivity, and mast cells in female chronic cough.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and analysis of clinical experience with chronic cough patients.
- Examination of hormonal backgrounds contributing to enhanced coughing in females.
- Investigation of the interplay between female hormones, TRP channels, laryngeal function, and mast cells.
Main Results:
- Increased activity of TRP channels on vagal C-fibers may enhance cough reflex in females.
- Laryngeal hypersensitivity and paradoxical vocal cord movement are implicated in chronic cough in women.
- Mast cells, expressing receptors for female hormones, are frequently found in chronic cough patients.
Conclusions:
- Hormonal factors likely play a significant role in the increased prevalence of chronic cough in females.
- Targeting TRP channels, laryngeal sensitivity, and mast cell activity may offer new therapeutic avenues for chronic cough in women.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of cough hypersensitivity syndrome and its hormonal underpinnings.
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