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Related Concept Videos

Pancreas01:19

Pancreas

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The pancreas, an essential organ in the human body, is a pinkish-gray elongated structure located posterior to the stomach. It extends laterally from the duodenum towards the spleen and is firmly bound to the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity. The organ's surface has a lumpy, lobular texture that gives it a unique appearance.
The broad head of the pancreas lies within the loop formed by the duodenum, while its slender body reaches towards the spleen. The tail of the pancreas is short...
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Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

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The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
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Pancreatic Juice and Secretion01:26

Pancreatic Juice and Secretion

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Pancreatic juice is a clear fluid produced by the pancreas, containing water, salts, sodium bicarbonate, and enzymes vital for digestion in the small intestine. It helps break down large molecules, facilitating nutrient absorption.
When acidic chyme from the stomach enters the duodenum, it triggers the release of secretin, a hormone that prompts pancreatic juice secretion. After a fatty meal, cholecystokinin, another hormone, stimulates gallbladder contraction and enhances enzyme-rich...
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Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion

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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
3.0K
The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

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The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons·2022
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Type 1 Diabetes Research Using Innovative Pancreatic Slice Platforms
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Type 1 Diabetes Research Using Innovative Pancreatic Slice Platforms

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Pancreas.

R Kandaswamy1,2, M A Skeans2, S K Gustafson2

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.

American Journal of Transplantation : Official Journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
|January 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pancreas transplant numbers are rising, especially for pancreas transplant alone (PTA) and simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplants. Continued innovation is vital for pancreas transplantation

Keywords:
Pancreas after kidney transplantpancreas allocation policypancreas transplant alonesimultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Transplant Surgery
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Pancreas transplant numbers have declined over the past decade.
  • Recent years show an increase in new pancreas transplant listings, particularly for pancreas transplant alone (PTA) and simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant (SPK).
  • The long-term sustainability of this upward trend requires further observation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in pancreas transplantation, including new listings, graft failure definitions, and overall outcomes.
  • To highlight significant events in 2014 impacting pancreas transplant allocation and reporting.
  • To emphasize the importance of continued innovation in surgical and immunological aspects of pancreas transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of pancreas transplant data, including new listings and patient outcomes.
  • Review of significant policy and definitional changes in pancreas transplantation.
  • Discussion of the impact of evolving alternative therapies for diabetes.

Main Results:

  • New pancreas transplant listings increased in 2014, with notable rises in PTA and SPK.
  • Overall pancreas transplant rates and outcomes have shown continued improvement.
  • A substantial decline in pancreas after kidney transplants remains a significant concern.

Conclusions:

  • Despite past declines, recent increases in pancreas transplant listings suggest a potential positive shift.
  • The implementation of a new allocation system and a proposed uniform definition of graft failure are key developments.
  • Surgical and immunological advancements are crucial for maintaining pancreas transplantation as a viable treatment for diabetes, especially with emerging alternatives.