Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

44
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
44
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

23.7K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
23.7K
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

7.2K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
7.2K
Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

115
A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
115
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

20.8K
Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
20.8K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

15.6K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
15.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Unveiling Layer-Dependent Phase Transition and Lattice Dynamics in Two-Dimensional InSe.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Strategic Chemical Vapor Deposition of Two-Dimensional Bismuth Oxyselenide.

Small methods·2026
Same author

Iodine-Based Electrolyte Chemistry Enabling Reversible Ca Metal Anodes.

JACS Au·2026
Same author

Local alkalinity enables high-performance pure water anion exchange membrane electrolysis.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Large-Area Polymorphic In<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> Ferroelectric Transistor Array for Stable Nonvolatile Storage and High-Precision Neuromorphic Computing.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Valence-Engineering of CeO<sub>2</sub> Redox Modulator Boosts the Oxygen Electrocatalysis Performance in Fe/Co Dual-Atom Catalyst.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
11:24

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

Published on: July 11, 2025

17.3K

Triggering One-Dimensional Phase Transition with Defects at the Graphene Zigzag Edge.

Qingming Deng1, Jiong Zhao1

  • 1IFW Dresden, Institute of Solid State Research , P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.

Nano Letters
|January 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Defects in one-dimensional (1D) systems can induce phase transitions, challenging previous theories. This study demonstrates defect-induced 1D phase transition dynamics in graphene zigzag edges, enabling fabrication of novel graphene nanoribbons (GNRs).

Keywords:
Graphenedefectedgeone-dimensionalphase transitiontransport

More Related Videos

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
11:42

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Published on: July 24, 2015

16.2K
Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
14:52

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

9.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 27, 2026

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moir&#233; Superlattice Devices
11:24

Optimized Fabrication Procedure for High-Quality Graphene-based Moiré Superlattice Devices

Published on: July 11, 2025

17.3K
Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities
11:42

Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

Published on: July 24, 2015

16.2K
Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
14:52

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding

Published on: September 23, 2018

9.5K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • One-dimensional (1D) systems are theoretically understood to lack phase transitions at finite temperatures due to inherent disorder and domain walls.
  • This limitation has hindered the exploration of unique electronic properties and applications in 1D materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the possibility of inducing a well-defined 1D phase transition in a real system.
  • To understand the atomic-scale dynamics of defect-induced phase transitions.
  • To explore the fabrication of novel graphene nanostructures with tunable electronic properties.

Main Methods:

  • In situ aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to observe structural reconstructions.
  • Ab initio simulations and quantum chemical molecular dynamics for in-depth theoretical analysis.
  • Electronic structure and quantum transport calculations to predict material properties.

Main Results:

  • Artificially created defects were shown to induce a well-defined 1D phase transition at graphene zigzag edges.
  • The complete dynamics of defect-induced phase transition were elucidated at the atomic scale.
  • A scheme for fabricating graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with different edge symmetries was established.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully demonstrates the induction of 1D phase transitions via defects in a real material system.
  • This work opens pathways for controlled fabrication of GNRs with potential for a metal-insulator-semiconductor transition in ultrathin GNRs.