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Cancer statistics in China, 2015.

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|January 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Cancer is a major public health issue in China, with an estimated 4.3 million new cases and 2.8 million deaths in 2015. Lung cancer is the most common, but prevention and improved care, especially in rural areas, can reduce these numbers.

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Chinacancerhealth disparitiesincidencemortalitysurvivaltrends

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer poses a significant public health challenge in China, characterized by increasing incidence and mortality rates.
  • Previous national cancer estimates relied on limited data, often from the 1990s or single-year snapshots.
  • The availability of high-quality data from numerous population-based cancer registries is crucial for accurate national estimates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the number of new cancer cases and deaths in China for 2015.
  • To analyze cancer incidence and mortality trends from 2000 to 2011.
  • To compare cancer rates between rural and urban populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 72 local, population-based cancer registries (2009-2011), representing 6.5% of China's population.
  • Conducted trend analyses using data from 22 registries spanning 2000-2011.
  • Calculated age-standardized incidence and mortality rates using the Segi population standard.

Main Results:

  • An estimated 4,292,000 new cancer cases and 2,814,000 cancer deaths were projected for 2015.
  • Lung cancer was the most common incident cancer and the leading cause of cancer death. Stomach, esophageal, and liver cancers were also highly prevalent.
  • Rural residents exhibited significantly higher age-standardized incidence and mortality rates for all cancers combined compared to urban residents.
  • Cancer incidence rates remained stable in males but increased significantly in females (2000-2011).
  • Cancer mortality rates showed significant decreases in both males and females since 2006.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial burden of cancer is projected for China, with lung cancer being a primary concern.
  • Significant disparities in cancer incidence and mortality exist between rural and urban populations.
  • Preventive measures targeting risk factors and enhancing clinical care delivery, particularly in underserved rural areas, are essential for reducing the cancer burden.