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Related Experiment Video

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A Suction Blister Protocol to Study Human T-cell Recall Responses In Vivo
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Does effect of BCG vaccine decrease with time since vaccination and increase tuberculin skin test reaction?

R Subramani1, Manjula Datta2, S Swaminathan1

  • 1National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India.

The Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
|March 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine shows protective efficacy against tuberculosis (TB) in children, but its effectiveness may wane over time. Tuberculin skin test positivity increased post-vaccination due to BCG.

Keywords:
BCG vaccineProtective efficacyRelative riskTuberculin skin testTuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge.
  • The Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is widely used for TB prevention.
  • Understanding BCG's long-term efficacy and impact on tuberculin skin test (TST) reactivity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term protective efficacy of BCG against TB disease.
  • To analyze the relationship between BCG vaccination and positive TST results over time.
  • To assess BCG efficacy in children under 10 years old in South India.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial involving 281,161 participants.
  • BCG vaccination (0.1mg or 0.01mg) or placebo allocation.
  • TB incidence surveillance over 15 years, with TST at baseline and 4 years post-vaccination.

Main Results:

  • BCG vaccination (0.1mg) showed a relative risk (RR) of 0.56 for TB at 12.5 years, which increased to 0.73 later.
  • Similar patterns were observed with the 0.01mg BCG dose.
  • Increased TST positivity was noted post-vaccination, attributed to BCG.

Conclusions:

  • BCG vaccine efficacy against TB may decrease over extended periods.
  • BCG vaccination can lead to increased tuberculin skin test positivity.
  • The findings highlight the need for ongoing evaluation of BCG's long-term impact.