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A Meta-Analysis of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Low Back Pain
Julio J Jauregui1, Jeffrey J Cherian, Chukwuweike U Gwam1
1Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland.
Surgical Technology International
|April 5, 2016
Summary
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) significantly reduces chronic low back pain. This safe alternative may decrease reliance on pain medications, offering a valuable treatment option.
Area of Science:
- Pain Management
- Neuromodulation
- Rehabilitation Medicine
Background:
- Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a prevalent condition often managed with medications carrying significant side effects.
- Current treatments for CLBP include narcotics and anti-inflammatories, prompting a search for safer alternatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) as a treatment for chronic low back pain.
- To determine if TENS offers a safe alternative to conventional pain management strategies.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analysis was conducted, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and randomized crossover studies.
- The primary outcome measure was pain reduction assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS).
- Effectiveness was quantified by calculating the weighted mean differences in pain reduction from eligible studies.
Main Results:
- The meta-analysis included 13 studies (9 level I, 4 level II) with 267 patients.
- TENS demonstrated a significant standardized mean difference of 0.844 in pain reduction from pre- to post-treatment.
- Significant pain reduction was observed in patients treated for less than 5 weeks, but not for longer durations.
Conclusions:
- Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is an effective treatment for reducing pain in chronic low back pain patients.
- TENS may reduce the need for pain medication and should be considered in the treatment of CLBP.
