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Longitudinal decrease in blood oxygenation level dependent response in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Aaron R Switzer1, Cheryl McCreary2, Saima Batool3

  • 1Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Canada; Seaman Family MR Research Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, Alberta Health Services, Canada.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|April 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals declining blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal responses in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) patients over one year. This longitudinal decline in vascular reactivity was not associated with markers of vascular injury.

Keywords:
BOLD, blood oxygenation level dependentCAA, cerebral amyloid angiopathyCerebral amyloid angiopathyFLAIR, fluid attenuated inversion recoveryFunctional magnetic resonance imagingICH, intracerebral hemorrhagesSWI, susceptibility-weighted imagingWMH, white matter hyperintensityfMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Vascular Dementia Research

Background:

  • Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with impaired cerebrovascular function.
  • Previous cross-sectional studies suggest reduced blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal changes in response to stimuli in CAA patients.
  • These changes are hypothesized to indicate diminished vascular reactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally assess changes in BOLD signal responses to visual stimuli in patients with probable CAA.
  • To investigate the correlation between longitudinal BOLD signal changes and established biomarkers of CAA progression.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure BOLD responses in the primary visual cortex.
  • 22 patients with probable CAA and 16 healthy controls underwent fMRI at baseline and one-year follow-up.
  • BOLD data from the 200 most active voxels during a visual stimulus were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • BOLD amplitudes decreased significantly over one year in CAA patients, but remained stable in controls.
  • The longitudinal decrease in BOLD amplitudes was significantly greater in the CAA group compared to the control group.
  • White matter hyperintensity volumes and cerebral microbleed counts increased over time in CAA patients.

Conclusions:

  • A longitudinal decline in BOLD signal response, indicative of reduced vascular reactivity, occurs in CAA.
  • This decline in vascular reactivity over one year was not correlated with increases in white matter hyperintensities or microbleeds.
  • Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying CAA-related vascular dysfunction.