XRN1: A Major 5' to 3' Exoribonuclease in Eukaryotic Cells
1Center for RNA Molecular Biology, Case Western Reserve University, ClevelandOhio, USA.
Abstract:
The degradation of RNA is a critical aspect of gene regulation. Correspondingly, ribonucleases exist within the cell to degrade RNA in specific cellular contexts. An important and conserved ribonuclease is called XRN1. This enzyme, an exoribonuclease, degrades RNA in a processive 5' to 3' direction. Substrates for XRN1 include decapped mRNA, endonucleolytically cleaved mRNA, lncRNA, and some aberrant tRNAs. In addition, XRN1 serves a vital role in the processing and maturation of the 5' ends of rRNA and snoRNAs. In this review, we discuss some of the important roles of XRN1 in the cell.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
RNA Splicing
RNA Splicing
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...


