[CONTEMPORARY MOLECULAR-GENETIC METHODS USED FOR ETIOLOGIC DIAGNOSTICS OF SEPSIS].

Area of Science:

• Medical Microbiology
• Molecular Diagnostics
• Infectious Diseases

Context:

• Sepsis diagnosis relies on identifying causative agents, a complex challenge due to diverse pathogens and normal microflora.
• Current gold standard, blood culture, suffers from long turnaround times, inability to detect non-culturable organisms, and antibiotic interference.

Purpose:

• To review contemporary molecular diagnostic methods for sepsis etiology.
• To compare the diagnostic characteristics of various molecular techniques.
• To evaluate the application and future potential of molecular diagnostics in sepsis.

Summary:

• Molecular diagnostic methods, including PCR, nucleic acid hybridization, and proteomics, offer significant advantages over traditional blood cultures for sepsis diagnosis.
• These methods provide rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of sepsis pathogens, even in patients receiving antibiotics.
• Novel Russian PCR-based developments are highlighted, alongside a comparative analysis of different molecular approaches.

Impact:

• Accelerated and more accurate sepsis diagnosis can lead to timely and appropriate treatment, improving patient survival rates.
• Molecular diagnostics enhance the ability to identify a broader range of sepsis-causing microorganisms, including difficult-to-culture or intracellular pathogens.
• The integration of molecular diagnostics into clinical practice represents a significant advancement in managing sepsis, a life-threatening condition.