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Hemolysis in Preterm Neonates.

Robert D Christensen1, Hassan M Yaish2

  • 1Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Primary Children's Hospital, University of Utah School of Medicine, Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Women and Newborn's Clinical Program, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Intermountain Healthcare, University of Utah School of Medicine, Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology
|May 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hemolysis in newborns causes high bilirubin levels, often resistant to phototherapy. Diagnosing it in premature infants is challenging, but genetic testing can identify underlying causes.

Keywords:
AnemiaBilirubinEnd-tidal carbon monoxideHaptoglobinNext-generation DNA sequencingPrematurity

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hemolysis is a significant cause of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates.
  • Red blood cell (RBC) abnormalities, either intrinsic or extrinsic, can trigger hemolysis.
  • Diagnosing hemolysis in premature infants presents unique laboratory challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the impact of hemolysis on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
  • To discuss diagnostic difficulties in preterm infants.
  • To present genetic sequencing as a diagnostic tool.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and laboratory findings in neonatal hemolysis.
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges in premature infants.
  • Application of next-generation sequencing for identifying genetic causes.

Main Results:

  • Hemolysis leads to rapid bilirubin increase, slow response to phototherapy, and rebound effects.
  • Standard diagnostic methods for hemolysis are less conclusive in preterm neonates.
  • Next-generation sequencing panels effectively identify genetic causes of hemolysis.

Conclusions:

  • Hemolysis is a critical factor in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, complicating treatment and diagnosis.
  • Advanced genetic testing offers a reliable method for identifying the root causes of hemolysis in neonates.
  • Further research into diagnostic methods for preterm infants is warranted.