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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
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Hyperoxia and Functional MRI.

Daniel Bulte1

  • 1FMRIB Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. daniel.bulte@ndcn.ox.ac.uk.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|June 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oxygen is crucial for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) by enabling blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast. Manipulating inspired oxygen offers a noninvasive method to precisely measure brain metabolism and blood flow.

Keywords:
CMRO2CalibrationMRIOxygen

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Physiology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) relies heavily on blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) contrast.
  • Oxygen's role in modulating BOLD signal is central to fMRI techniques.
  • Tracking oxygen metabolism changes is key to understanding brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the fundamental role of oxygen in fMRI.
  • To explore how manipulating inspired oxygen can enhance fMRI capabilities.
  • To enable calibrated measurements of cerebral blood flow and metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) imaging.
  • Observing changes in venous oxygen saturation.
  • Independently manipulating the fraction of inspired oxygen.

Main Results:

  • Oxygen enables the switching of BOLD contrast on and off.
  • Changes in inspired oxygen alter dissolved oxygen, venous saturation, and blood flow.
  • Understanding these oxygen-induced changes is critical for accurate fMRI interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • Supplemental inspired oxygen is a flexible, noninvasive tool for fMRI.
  • This method allows for calibrated, targeted measurements beyond standard statistical analyses.
  • It facilitates deeper investigations into brain metabolism and pathology.