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Heart-Rate Variability Threshold as an Alternative for Spiro-Ergometry Testing: A Validation Study.

Robert T Mankowski¹, Scott Michael, Robert Rozenberg

¹1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and 2Faculty of Health Sciences, Cumberland Campus, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

|July 9, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Heart rate variability (HRV) threshold assessment offers a cost-effective, noninvasive alternative to spiro-ergometry for determining exercise thresholds. This method shows acceptable agreement with traditional testing, particularly under normoxic conditions.

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Area of Science:

Exercise Physiology
Cardiovascular Physiology
Sports Science

Background:

Spiro-ergometry is the gold standard for determining the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) but is costly and time-consuming.
Heart rate variability (HRV) threshold (HRVT2) assessment is proposed as a more accessible, noninvasive alternative.
Validation studies comparing HRV-based thresholds with traditional methods are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To validate the use of HRV threshold as an alternative to spiro-ergometry for determining VT2.
To assess the agreement between VT2 and HRVT2 across different oxygen conditions.
To evaluate the potential application of HRVT2 in exercise monitoring.

Main Methods:

Eleven healthy, moderately trained subjects performed incremental exercise tests under three different fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) conditions (14%, 21%, 35%).
Continuous measurements included ventilation, oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2), carbon dioxide production (V[Combining Dot Above]CO2), and HRV.
Two independent research teams assessed VT2 and HRVT2, with participants and assessors blinded to FiO2 conditions.

Main Results:

Mean workloads for VT2 and HRVT2 were lower in hypoxic conditions compared to hyperoxic conditions.
Bland-Altman analysis revealed low estimation bias (2.2%) and acceptable 95% limits of agreement (-15.7% to 20.1%) for workload across all FiO2 levels.
The agreement between HRVT2 and VT2 was highest under normoxic conditions (1.1% bias).

Conclusions:

HRV-based threshold assessment demonstrates acceptable agreement with spiro-ergometry-derived VT2, especially under normoxic conditions.
This simple HRVT2 assessment method shows potential for practical application in exercise monitoring, particularly in fitness settings.
HRVT2 offers a viable, cost-effective, and noninvasive alternative to traditional spiro-ergometry for determining exercise intensity thresholds.