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Surface nanobubbles, or gaseous states at solid/liquid interfaces, do not sit on interfacial gas enrichment (IGE) pancakes. Instead, nanobubbles are pinned to the surface, explaining their unusual stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Surface nanobubbles are gaseous states at solid/liquid interfaces with unique properties and applications.
  • Interfacial gas enrichment (IGE) and nanobubbles may coexist, forming complex structures like nanobubble-on-pancake objects.
  • The precise structure of these composite objects is crucial for understanding nanobubble stability and small contact angles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structure of nanobubble-on-pancake-like objects on a polystyrene (PS) surface.
  • To determine if these objects are gaseous nanobubbles or osmotic blisters.
  • To analyze the stability of nanobubbles under tip perturbation based on their structural configuration.

Main Methods:

  • Investigation of nanobubble-on-pancake-like objects on a polystyrene (PS) film.
  • Distinguishing between gaseous nanobubbles and osmotic blisters.
  • Structural analysis of the composite objects and stability assessment under tip perturbation.

Main Results:

  • The study confirmed the objects were gaseous nanobubbles, not blisters.
  • Tip perturbation caused the disappearance of the pancake-like domains, while the bubble structure remained intact.
  • This indicates nanobubbles are pinned to the solid surface, not situated atop the pancake structures.

Conclusions:

  • Nanobubbles are pinned directly to the solid surface, challenging the notion of them sitting on IGE.
  • This finding aligns with contact line pinning theory.
  • The direct pinning mechanism helps explain the observed abnormal long lifetime and stability of surface nanobubbles.