Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Green Algae

Green Algae

Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.

Red Algae

Red Algae

Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...

Light Acquisition

Light Acquisition

In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.

The Anatomy of Chloroplasts

The Anatomy of Chloroplasts

Green algae and plants, including green stems and unripe fruit, harbor specialized organelles called chloroplasts to carry out photosynthesis. They coordinate both stages of photosynthesis — the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. The light-dependent reactions use sunlight to release oxygen and produce chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent reactions capture CO2 and use ATP and NADPH to produce sugar.
Structure of...

What is Photosynthesis?

What is Photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis is a multipart, biochemical process that occurs in plants as well as in some bacteria. It captures carbon dioxide and solar energy to produce glucose. Glucose stores chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates. The overall biochemical formula of photosynthesis is 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere and is largely responsible for maintaining the Earth’s atmospheric oxygen content.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Synthesis of 4'-C-Ethynyl-β-D-ribo-pentofuranosyl Pyrimidines.

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry·2016

Same author

A high incidence of WT1 abnormality in bilateral Wilms tumours in Japan, and the penetrance rates in children with WT1 germline mutation.

British journal of cancer·2015

Same author

The role of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced small intestinal injury.

Free radical research·2014

Same author

Reversed intestinal malrotation with concurrent cecal carcinoma.

Asian journal of endoscopic surgery·2012

Same author

Recurrence after polypectomy for a pedunculated polyp with subtle invasion but no unfavorable histology.

Endoscopy·2011

Same author

Loss of imprinting of IGF2 correlates with hypermethylation of the H19 differentially methylated region in hepatoblastoma.

British journal of cancer·2008

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples

Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples

Published on: September 28, 2022

Pheophorbide a Content and Chlorophyllase Activity in Green Tea.

K Kohata¹, K Hanada², Y Yamauchi¹

¹a National Research Institute of Vegetables, Ornamental Plants and Tea (NIVOT).

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

|July 10, 2016

Summary

Green tea processing retains chlorophyllase activity, significantly increasing pheophorbide a (PB a) content. This enzyme activity, though lower than in fresh leaves, remains detectable in processed green tea like Sencha and Matcha.

Keywords:

chlorophyll chlorophyllase chlorophyllide green tea pheophorbide a

More Related Videos

Study on the Metabolism of Six Systemic Insecticides in a Newly Established Cell Suspension Culture Derived from Tea Camellia Sinensis L. Leaves

Study on the Metabolism of Six Systemic Insecticides in a Newly Established Cell Suspension Culture Derived from Tea Camellia Sinensis L. Leaves

Published on: June 15, 2019

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Growth Factors for Production of Biotechnologically Relevant Secondary Metabolites

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Growth Factors for Production of Biotechnologically Relevant Secondary Metabolites

Published on: October 25, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 18, 2026

Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples

Source and Route of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Contamination in Tea Samples

Published on: September 28, 2022

Study on the Metabolism of Six Systemic Insecticides in a Newly Established Cell Suspension Culture Derived from Tea Camellia Sinensis L. Leaves

Study on the Metabolism of Six Systemic Insecticides in a Newly Established Cell Suspension Culture Derived from Tea Camellia Sinensis L. Leaves

Published on: June 15, 2019

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Growth Factors for Production of Biotechnologically Relevant Secondary Metabolites

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Growth Factors for Production of Biotechnologically Relevant Secondary Metabolites

Published on: October 25, 2024

Area of Science:

Food Chemistry
Plant Biochemistry
Agricultural Science

Background:

Chlorophyll degradation impacts green tea quality and color.
Pheophorbide a (PB a) is a key chlorophyll degradation product.
Understanding enzyme activity in processed tea is crucial for quality control.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the total pheophorbide a (PB a) content in processed green tea.
To determine the extent of chlorophyllase activity remaining in Sencha and Matcha.
To compare chlorophyllase activity in processed tea versus fresh green leaves.

Main Methods:

Incubation of green tea samples (Sencha, Matcha) to measure PB a formation.
Quantification of initially present and newly produced PB a.
Comparison of PB a production from chlorophyll a (Chl a) incubation with tea samples and fresh leaf extracts.

Main Results:

Total PB a content significantly increased in both Sencha and Matcha compared to initial levels.
Chlorophyllase activity was detected in processed green tea, indicating enzyme retention.
Chlorophyllase activity in Sencha was approximately 1/20th of that in fresh green leaves.

Conclusions:

Chlorophyllase remains active in green tea even after processing.
This residual activity contributes to PB a formation, affecting tea quality.
Quantifying this activity provides insights into tea processing and storage stability.