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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Introduction Cardiac Emergencies01:30

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Cardiac emergencies are critical situations involving the heart that require immediate medical intervention to prevent severe complications or death. These emergencies often arise from underlying heart conditions that impair the heart's ability to function correctly.Types of Cardiac EmergenciesThe most common types of cardiac emergencies include Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrest, and heart failure.Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)...
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Disorders of the Nervous Tissue01:28

Disorders of the Nervous Tissue

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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
Homeostatic Imbalances:
Alzheimer's disease manifests as a gradual decline in memory and cognitive abilities, attributed to the buildup of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain.
Parkinson's disease arises from the...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

308
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

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As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Neurologic Emergencies in the Elderly.

Lauren M Nentwich1, Benjamin Grimmnitz1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Dowling 1 South, 1 Boston Medical Center Place, Boston, MA 02143, USA.

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America
|August 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurologic diseases are common in elderly patients, causing significant death and disability. This review covers emergency presentations of stroke, hemorrhage, TBI, seizures, and CNS infections in older adults.

Keywords:
Geriatric patientsNeurologic diseasesNeurologic emergencies

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Neurologic diseases pose a significant threat to elderly patients, contributing to mortality and disability.
  • Physiologic changes and comorbidities in aging increase susceptibility to neurological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and management of common neurologic emergencies in geriatric patients.
  • To highlight the unique challenges in evaluating and treating older adults with acute neurological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on neurologic diseases in the elderly presenting to the emergency department.
  • Discussion of specific conditions including stroke, hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, seizures, and infections.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients often present with subtle or atypical symptoms of neurologic diseases.
  • Workups and treatment decisions for geriatric neurological emergencies are complex and require careful consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition and tailored management are crucial for improving outcomes in older adults with neurologic emergencies.
  • Understanding age-related differences is essential for effective emergency care of geriatric patients with neurological conditions.