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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Upper airway stimulation therapy: A novel approach to managing obstructive sleep apnea
Ryan J Soose1, M Boyd Gillespie2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
Objectives:
Review the role of upper airway stimulation (UAS) therapy in the management of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Data Sources:
A literature search was performed of PubMed and Medline using the search terms clinical trial; obstructive sleep apnea; upper airway stimulation; hypoglossal stimulation; hypoglossal nerve; Inspire; and ImThera.
Review Methods:
All published clinical trials of currently available devices were reviewed. Unpublished data were excluded.
Results:
UAS therapy results in surgical success (AHI decrease of >50% and overall AHI <= 20) in 66% of implanted subjects. In addition, UAS therapy results in significant improvement in daytime sleepiness, snoring, and sleep-related quality of life.
Conclusion:
UAS therapy is a valid alternative for select patients with moderate to severe OSA who are unsuccessful users of CPAP therapy. Laryngoscope, 126:S5-S8, 2016.
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