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Multifunctional gold-based nanocomposites for theranostics.

Lev A Dykman1, Nikolai G Khlebtsov2

  • 1Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia.

Biomaterials
|September 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multifunctional gold nanocomposites offer advanced cancer treatment by combining diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. These theranostic nanostructures are engineered through composite fabrication, smart bioconjugation, or a hybrid approach for improved efficacy.

Keywords:
Gold nanoparticlesMultifunctionalizationNanocompositesTheranostics

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Area of Science:

  • Nanobiotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Gold nanoparticles have shown potential in nanobiotechnology for over 15 years.
  • Recent advancements focus on multifunctional nanostructures for improved cancer treatment.
  • Multifunctional gold-based nanocomposites integrate multiple modalities for enhanced therapeutic and diagnostic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fabrication routes for multifunctional gold-based theranostic nanocomposites.
  • To highlight the application of these nanocomposites in treating cancer and other significant diseases.
  • To discuss the integration of diagnostic and therapeutic functions within single nanostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of composite (hybrid) nanoparticles with integrated diagnostic and therapeutic components.
  • Smart bioconjugation of gold nanoparticles with various molecules for targeting, diagnosis, and therapy.
  • Combined approach involving functionalization of hybrid nanoparticles with multiple theranostic modalities.

Main Results:

  • Three primary routes for fabricating multifunctional gold-based theranostic nanocomposites are identified.
  • Composite nanoparticles offer combined diagnostic and therapeutic functions.
  • Bioconjugation enables targeted delivery and multi-functional capabilities in a single procedure.
  • Hybrid nanoparticles with additional functionalization, including fluorescent atomic clusters, represent a sophisticated class of theranostic agents.

Conclusions:

  • Multifunctional gold-based theranostic nanocomposites represent a significant advancement in nanomedicine.
  • These nanostructures offer promising strategies for improving the efficacy of cancer treatment.
  • The reviewed fabrication methods provide a foundation for developing next-generation theranostic agents.