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2016 US lymphoid malignancy statistics by World Health Organization subtypes
Lauren R Teras1, Carol E DeSantis2, James R Cerhan3
1Strategic Director, Hematologic Cancer Research, Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA.
CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians
|September 13, 2016
Summary
Lymphoid neoplasms are a common cancer, with incidence and survival rates varying significantly by subtype. Understanding these trends is crucial for improving management strategies and exploring potential causes.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Cancer Epidemiology
Background:
- Lymphoid neoplasms represent a significant public health burden, ranking as the fourth most common cancer and sixth leading cause of cancer death in the US.
- Previous data lacked comprehensive, subtype-specific incidence and survival statistics based on contemporary classifications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide updated US incidence and survival statistics for lymphoid neoplasms by subtype, using the 2008 World Health Organization classification.
- To estimate the total number of US lymphoid neoplasm cases by subtype and analyze trends.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of contemporary US incidence and survival data for lymphoid neoplasms.
- Categorization of neoplasms according to the 2008 World Health Organization classifications.
- Calculation of 5-year relative survival rates by subtype, race, and sex.
Main Results:
- Overall lymphoma incidence has declined, but precursor lymphoid neoplasms (especially B-cell) and certain mature lymphoid neoplasms (plasma cell, mantle cell, marginal zone, hairy cell leukemia, mycosis fungoides) show increasing incidence.
- Survival rates vary widely by subtype, with peripheral T-cell lymphomas having poor survival (36%-56%) and mycosis fungoides having good survival (79%-92%).
- B-cell lymphoma survival ranges from high rates for marginal zone lymphoma (83%-91%) and hairy cell leukemia (78%-92%) to low rates for Burkitt lymphoma (47%-63%) and plasma cell neoplasms (44%-48%). Black men generally exhibit the lowest survival rates.
Conclusions:
- Contemporary incidence and survival statistics for lymphoid neoplasms highlight significant subtype-specific variations.
- These data are essential for informing management strategies and investigating the etiology of these diverse cancers.
- Disparities in survival, particularly for black men, warrant further investigation and targeted interventions.