Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

26.8K
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
26.8K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

27.9K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
27.9K
Transfer RNA Synthesis02:36

Transfer RNA Synthesis

13.3K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
13.3K
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

24.8K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
24.8K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

10.8K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
10.8K
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

60.5K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
60.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Surgical versus Non-Surgical Management of High-Grade Pediatric Pancreatic Trauma: A National TQIP Analysis Stratified by Hemodynamic Stability.

European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie·2026
Same author

Overutilization of helicopter emergency medical services compared to ground transport in moderate-severe penetrating abdominal trauma & associated outcomes.

Injury·2026
Same author

Real-time prediction of cardiorespiratory deterioration during paediatric critical care transport using interpretable machine learning.

PLOS digital health·2026
Same author

Splenic Angioembolization and Operative Management Rates Across Trauma Center Levels: A National Analysis of Blunt Splenic Injury Outcomes.

The Journal of surgical research·2026
Same author

Artificial Intelligence in Trauma Care: A Systematic Review of Resuscitation, Diagnosis, Risk Prediction, and Management.

Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses·2026
Same author

Telemedicine Utilization in Rural Trauma Care and Its Effects on Secondary Overtriage Rates: A Concise Review.

Journal of trauma nursing : the official journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses·2026
Same journal

Tracking Synthetic Adhesins on Bacterial Surfaces with Immunofluorescence Microscopy.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Post-Selection Methods for Analyzing mRNA Display Selections and Optimization of Hits.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

High-Performance Computing in Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) Peptide Identification.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Engineering and Adapting Disulfide-Containing Proteins to Enable Intracellular Functionality.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

AI-Driven Protein Research: From Prediction to Design.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
Same journal

Methods for the In Vitro Selection of Protein and Peptide Libraries Using mRNA Display.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes
06:52

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Published on: November 1, 2019

8.7K

Targeted Gene Activation Using RNA-Guided Nucleases.

Alexander Brown1, Wendy S Woods1, Pablo Perez-Pinera2

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1270 Digital Computer Laboratory, MC-278, 1304 West Springfield Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801-2910, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CRISPR-Cas9 transcription factors enable precise gene activation. This chapter details methods for designing, constructing, and analyzing these powerful synthetic gene regulators in mammalian cells.

Keywords:
CRISPR-Cas9Gene activationGene expressionGenome engineeringRNA-guided nucleasesSynthetic biologyTranscription

More Related Videos

Targeted RNA Sequencing Assay to Characterize Gene Expression and Genomic Alterations
11:52

Targeted RNA Sequencing Assay to Characterize Gene Expression and Genomic Alterations

Published on: August 4, 2016

10.9K
Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
12:13

Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: August 23, 2014

11.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 26, 2026

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes
06:52

Kinetic Screening of Nuclease Activity using Nucleic Acid Probes

Published on: November 1, 2019

8.7K
Targeted RNA Sequencing Assay to Characterize Gene Expression and Genomic Alterations
11:52

Targeted RNA Sequencing Assay to Characterize Gene Expression and Genomic Alterations

Published on: August 4, 2016

10.9K
Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
12:13

Zinc-finger Nuclease Enhanced Gene Targeting in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: August 23, 2014

11.2K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genome Engineering
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • The CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated) system has revolutionized genome engineering.
  • Catalytically inactive Cas9 fused with transcriptional activators creates customizable synthetic transcription factors.
  • These factors allow robust, specific, and tunable gene expression activation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe experimental design considerations for CRISPR-Cas transcription factors.
  • To outline methods for plasmid construction and gene delivery.
  • To detail procedures for analyzing targeted gene activation in mammalian cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing CRISPR-Cas9 technology for targeted gene activation.
  • Designing and constructing plasmids with catalytically inactive Cas9 fused to activator domains.
  • Implementing gene delivery protocols for mammalian cell lines.
  • Analyzing gene expression changes to confirm targeted activation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of customizable synthetic transcription factors for gene activation.
  • Establishment of robust, specific, and tunable gene expression control.
  • Successful application in a variety of mammalian tissues and cells.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR-Cas transcription factors offer a powerful and versatile tool for genome engineering.
  • The described methods facilitate the design and analysis of targeted gene activation strategies.
  • This approach enables precise control over gene expression in mammalian systems.