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A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
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Hepatitis E Virus.

Youchun Wang1, Chenyan Zhao2, Ying Qi2

  • 1Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 2 Tiantanxili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050, China. wangyc@nifdc.org.cn.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|October 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) sequences are found in many animals, prompting classification as a new family, Hepeviridae. HEV virions differ in structure depending on their source, with secreted proteins often lacking viral RNA.

Keywords:
BiologyClassificationGenomeSequenceStructure

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) was first identified in 1989 from patients with non-A, non-B hepatitis.
  • Since its discovery, HEV sequences have been identified in a wide range of animal species, including mammals, birds, and fish.
  • HEV possesses a conserved genomic organization with three open reading frames (ORFs 1, 2, and 3), despite significant genomic sequence variability across different hosts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the classification of HEV and related viruses into a new family, Hepeviridae.
  • To highlight the structural differences between HEV virions from cell culture and those found in feces.
  • To investigate the association of secreted HEV proteins with viral RNA.

Main Methods:

  • Sequence analysis of HEV isolates from various animal hosts.
  • Comparative analysis of HEV virion structures from different sources (cell culture vs. feces).
  • Biochemical assays to determine the association of secreted ORF2 protein with HEV RNA.

Main Results:

  • HEV sequences from diverse animals share a common genomic structure (ORFs 1-3) but exhibit variability, supporting their classification into genera and species within the proposed Hepeviridae family.
  • HEV particles range from 27-34 nm in size.
  • HEV virions derived from cell culture are lipid-enveloped with ORF3 on their surface, unlike fecal HEV which lacks these features.
  • A significant portion of secreted ORF2 protein, from both cell culture and fecal sources, is not associated with HEV RNA.

Conclusions:

  • The genetic diversity and host range of HEV warrant its classification into a new viral family, Hepeviridae, with distinct genera and species.
  • Structural variations in HEV virions depend on the production source, impacting their characteristics.
  • The dissociation of secreted ORF2 protein from HEV RNA suggests complex assembly and release mechanisms or potential roles beyond direct viral packaging.