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Scrub Typhus: An Emerging Neglected Tropical Disease in Nepal
B P Upadhyaya1, G Shakya1, S Adhikari1
1National Public Health Laboratory, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council
|November 26, 2016
Summary
Scrub typhus, a neglected tropical disease, affects 40.3% of patients with acute febrile illness in Nepal. Early diagnosis and public health awareness are crucial for managing this widespread infection.
Area of Science:
- Tropical medicine
- Infectious diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Scrub typhus is an underreported neglected tropical disease in Nepal.
- Acute febrile illness presents a diagnostic challenge in the region.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the sero-epidemiology of scrub typhus in Nepal.
- To determine the prevalence of scrub typhus among patients with acute febrile illness.
Main Methods:
- Analyzed 434 serum specimens collected from July to November 2015.
- Used Scrub Typhus Detect™ IgM antibody kit for initial screening.
- Confirmed positive cases using dot-ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence assays.
Main Results:
- Detected IgM antibodies to Orientia tsutsugamushi in 175 (40.3%) specimens.
- Highest prevalence observed in females aged 11-20 and males aged 41-50.
- Positive cases identified across 30 districts and various ecological regions of Nepal.
Conclusions:
- Scrub typhus is a significant public health concern in Nepal.
- Prioritize investigation of scrub typhus in patients with acute febrile illness.
- Emphasize the need for accessible diagnostics, surveillance, and public health awareness campaigns.

