Cyanoacrylates and corneal abrasion

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Toxicology
• Materials Science

Background:

• Cyanoacrylate adhesives, commonly known as super glues, are monomers that rapidly polymerize upon contact with water or weak bases.
• Accidental ocular exposure to these adhesives can lead to tissue bonding and irritation, posing a significant risk, particularly to children.

Purpose of the Study:

• To prospectively evaluate the incidence and severity of ocular injuries resulting from cyanoacrylate adhesive contamination.
• To assess the effectiveness of immediate irrigation as a primary treatment for eye exposure to cyanoacrylates.

Main Methods:

• A 12-month prospective study collected data on 34 cases of ocular cyanoacrylate contamination (21 adults, 13 pediatric).
• All affected eyes underwent immediate irrigation with tepid water for a minimum of 15 minutes.
• Ophthalmic examinations were performed to diagnose corneal abrasions and other injuries.

Main Results:

• 44% of patients (15 out of 34) developed corneal abrasions requiring antibiotic treatment, cycloplegics, and patching.
• Patients who experienced complete resolution were irrigated for 20 minutes, while those with mechanical injury delayed decontamination for at least 15 minutes.
• Delayed decontamination correlated with mechanical injury, highlighting the importance of prompt intervention.

Conclusions:

• Immediate and thorough irrigation with tepid water is essential for managing ocular exposure to cyanoacrylate adhesives.
• A significant proportion of cases result in corneal abrasions, necessitating prompt ophthalmic evaluation.
• Recommend ophthalmologic assessment to rule out mechanical injury, especially in cases with delayed decontamination.